The last case study looks at the security situation in Haiti both before and after last year's devastating earthquake.
最后一个研究案例是海地发生去年毁灭性地震之前和之后的的安全状况。
Similarly, Bojowald's study indicates that there is complementarity between the uncertainty factors for the volume of the universe before the Big Bounce and the universe after the Big Bounce.
同样,波究瓦德的研究指出这也是大弹跳前宇宙和大弹跳后宇宙体积不确定性因素的互补。
Researchers gauged study participants' mood before and after showing them one of two video clips.
研究者测量了该研究参与者看这两个视频剪辑之一的前后心情。